chmod example permission values

4 read
2 write
1 execute

User
Group
Others

These are the values for chmod. Add up the values. The first digit is for User, second Group, third others. eg. 722 gives owner all, and everyone else write (but no read) rights.

755:

7 = read, write and execute = file owner can read, write and execute this file
5 = read and execute = people in the same group as the file's group can read and execute this file
5 = read and execute = everyone else can read and execute this file too

644 - same as 755 w/o execute bit for anyone:

6 = read, write and execute = file owner can read, write and NO execute this file
4 = read and execute = people in the same group as the file's group can read and NO execute this file
4 = read and execute = everyone else can read and NO execute this file too

Apply permission change to all 3 groups:

Use "a" for "all" - e.g. chmod a-w conf.php to remove write permissions from user, group, and others.

Add specific permissions:

Give owner write permissions, recursively: chmod u+w * -R

To add group rwx permissions, you should use: chmod -R g+rwx DirectoryName

WARNING: Do not use "o", this is "other" (not owner!)

Get existing numeric ("octal") permissions:

stat -c '%a %n' *

tags: chmod, example, commands, permissions, file, directory